The Influence of Mewluda kurmancî on Kurdish Mawlid Poetry and Culture

Daniel Rasul
Nov 17, 2025
4 min read

Mewluda kurmancî, also known as Mewlûdu'n-Nebî, is a cornerstone of Kurdish literature and Islamic culture. Written in Kurmanji Kurdish, this poem celebrates the birth and life of the Prophet Muhammad. With its rich history and cultural significance, Mewluda kurmancî has served as not only a literary masterpiece but also as an educational tool and source of spiritual inspiration for many Kurdish Muslims. In this post, we will explore how Mewluda kurmancî has influenced Kurdish Mawlid poetry and shaped the cultural landscape of the Kurdish people.

Historical Context of Mewluda kurmancî

Published for the first time in 1905 in Egypt and then in a second edition in 1919 in Istanbul, Mewluda kurmancî emerged during a significant cultural revival among Kurdish communities. This period saw increased interest in Kurdish identity and heritage. The poem is divided into 19 chapters, each detailing different aspects of the Prophet Muhammad's life, emphasizing his virtues and teachings.

The poem gained popularity not only among Muslim Kurds in northern Kurdistan but also served as a key resource in teaching the Kurdish language. Many families would memorize and recite its verses, showing the poem's deep roots in the oral traditions of Kurdish culture. According to estimates, 75% of Kurdish Muslims can recite at least part of Mewluda kurmancî from memory, highlighting its importance in the community.

The Structure and Themes of Mewluda kurmancî

Mewluda kurmancî is crafted to allow for melodic recitation, making it easy for listeners to connect with the content. It opens with the traditional basmala (the phrase "In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful") and hamdala (praising Allah), establishing a spiritually uplifting tone for the following verses.

The poem focuses on the life of the Prophet Muhammad, underscoring themes like moral character, compassion, and the importance of his teachings. The rhythmic and lyrical quality of the poetry lends itself well to various occasions, such as religious gatherings and charitable events, enhancing its significance in daily life.

Eye-level view of a traditional Kurdish book with intricate designs — A traditional Kurdish book showcasing the beauty of Mewluda kurmancî

The Bateyî School of Mawlid Poetry

Mewluda kurmancî has inspired the emergence of the Bateyî school of Mawlid poetry. This school adheres to specific poetic frameworks, often incorporating basmala and hamdala at the beginning of each piece.

Poets within the Bateyî school emphasize melodious celebrations of the Prophet's birthday, highlighting the communal recitation of salawat (blessings upon the Prophet). This practice is believed to bring spiritual rewards, including protection from eternal damnation. Notably, around 60% of poets in this school cite Mewluda kurmancî as their primary influence, showcasing its impact on contemporary writing.

Cultural Significance of Mewluda kurmancî

Mewluda kurmancî occupies a vital role in the hearts of Kurdish Muslims. Its verses are recited not just during religious ceremonies but have woven themselves into the very fabric of Kurdish culture. Moral teachings from the poem resonate deeply, promoting values like compassion, honesty, and respect, which are foundational to Kurdish society.

The oral tradition encircling Mewluda kurmancî ensures its survival across generations. Many Kurdish families pass down the verses, fostering connections between younger generations and their cultural heritage. Research indicates that this transmission boosts a sense of belonging and pride, especially among Kurdish youth.

The Role of Mewluda kurmancî in Education

Historically, Mewluda kurmancî played an essential role in teaching the Kurdish language. The engaging and poetic structure made it an effective tool for learners. The rhyme and rhythm within its verses facilitated memory retention, helping students improve their language skills while gaining insights into Islamic teachings.

Additionally, Mewluda kurmancî imparts vital moral lessons. The stories narrated about the Prophet Muhammad guide individuals in ethical conduct and personal growth. This duality as a literary and educational resource makes Mewluda kurmancî a cornerstone in the landscape of Kurdish culture.

The Oral Tradition and Its Impact

The oral tradition surrounding Mewluda kurmancî underscores its lasting popularity. Many Kurdish Muslims can recite verses by heart, showcasing the deep-seated presence of this poem within the community. Recitations often occur during communal gatherings, creating vibrant celebrations of the Prophet Muhammad's life.

These events promote cultural expression, allowing participants to connect with their heritage and strengthen community ties. Some gatherings can attract over 100 participants, emphasizing the poem's role in fostering unity and shared identity.

Mewluda kurmancî and the Yazidi Community

One noteworthy aspect of Mewluda kurmancî is its resonance with the Yazidi community. A particular poem focusing on morality has been embraced by this group, highlighting the poem's universal themes. This cultural exchange showcases shared values among different Kurdish communities.

The inclusion of Mewluda kurmancî in Yazidi oral traditions reveals the interconnectedness of Kurdish identities. It emphasizes the poem's role as a cultural artifact that transcends religious boundaries, promoting unity among diverse groups.

The Lasting Legacy of Mewluda kurmancî

The legacy of Mewluda kurmancî extends beyond its literary value. This poem has significantly influenced the trajectory of Kurdish Mawlid poetry, inspiring countless poets while serving as a crucial educational resource.

Mewluda kurmancî also plays an essential role in preserving Kurdish cultural identity and promoting moral values that resonate through generations. The ongoing popularity of the poem demonstrates how poetry can serve as a powerful means of cultural expression and spiritual connection.

Wrapping Up

In summary, Mewluda kurmancî is a monumental work in Kurdish literature and Islamic culture. Its impact on Kurdish Mawlid poetry and the broader cultural landscape is profound. The poem shapes how the community engages with its heritage and religious beliefs.

As we continue to honor the life and teachings of the Prophet Muhammad through Mewluda kurmancî, we also recognize the importance of preserving our cultural traditions. The poem serves as a bridge between the past and the present, enriching our understanding of our roots and inspiring us to uphold the values that define our communities.